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  2. Food microbiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_microbiology

    Food microbiology is the study of the microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food.This includes the study of microorganisms causing food spoilage; pathogens that may cause disease (especially if food is improperly cooked or stored); microbes used to produce fermented foods such as cheese, yogurt, bread, beer, and wine; and microbes with other useful roles, such as producing ...

  3. Physical factors affecting microbial life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_factors_affecting...

    Freezing temperatures curb the spoiling effect of microorganisms in food, but can also preserve some pathogens unharmed for long periods of time. Freezing kills some microorganisms by physical trauma, others are sublethally injured by freezing, and may recover to become infectious. [13]

  4. Microorganism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism

    As microorganisms, in particular bacteria, are found virtually everywhere, harmful microorganisms may be reduced to acceptable levels rather than actually eliminated. In food preparation, microorganisms are reduced by preservation methods such as cooking, cleanliness of utensils, short storage periods, or by low temperatures.

  5. Food science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_science

    Food microbiology is the study of the microorganisms that inhabit, create, or contaminate food, including the study of microorganisms causing food spoilage. [9] "Good" bacteria, however, such as probiotics, are becoming increasingly important in food science. [10] [11] [12] In addition, microorganisms are essential for the production of foods ...

  6. Food spoilage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_spoilage

    Some bacteria are responsible for the spoilage of food. When bacteria breaks down the food, acids and other waste products are generated in the process. [2] While the bacteria itself may or may not be harmful, the waste products may be unpleasant to taste or may even be harmful to one's health. [3]

  7. List of microorganisms used in food and beverage preparation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_microorganisms...

    1 List of useful microorganisms used in preparation of food and beverage. 2 See also. 3 References. Toggle the table of contents.

  8. Fermentation in food processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation_in_food...

    Grapes being trodden to extract the juice and made into wine in storage jars. Tomb of Nakht, 18th dynasty, Thebes, Ancient Egypt. Sourdough starter. In food processing, fermentation is the conversion of carbohydrates to alcohol or organic acids using microorganisms—yeasts or bacteria—without an oxidizing agent being used in the reaction.

  9. Food preservation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_preservation

    The organoleptic quality of the food refers to its sensory properties, that is its look, taste, smell, and texture. Examples of hurdles in a food system are high temperature during processing, low temperature during storage, increasing the acidity, lowering the water activity or redox potential, and the presence of preservatives or ...