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Tinea capitis caused by species of Microsporum and Trichophyton is a contagious disease that is endemic in many countries. Affecting primarily pre- pubertal children between 6 and 10 years, it is more common in males than females; rarely does the disease persist past age sixteen. [ 17 ]
Fluconazole is an antifungal medication used for a number of fungal infections. [5] This includes candidiasis , blastomycosis , coccidioidomycosis , cryptococcosis , histoplasmosis , dermatophytosis , and tinea versicolor . [ 5 ]
Griseofulvin is an antifungal medication used to treat a number of types of dermatophytoses (ringworm). [1] This includes fungal infections of the nails and scalp, as well as the skin when antifungal creams have not worked. [2]
Tinea pedis + onychomycosis, Tinea corporis, Tinea capitis are the most common dermatophytosis found in humans across the world. [34] Tinea capitis has a greater prevalence in children. [31] The increasing prevalence of dermatophytes resulting in Tinea capitis has been causing epidemics throughout Europe and America. [34]
Tinea capitis (scalp) must be treated orally, as the medication must be present deep in the hair follicles to eradicate the fungus. Usually griseofulvin is given orally for 2 to 3 months. [18] Clinically dosage up to twice the recommended dose might be used due to relative resistance of some strains of dermatophytes.
Treatment of tinea capitis requires an oral antifungal agent; griseofulvin is the most commonly used drug, but other newer antimycotic drugs, such as terbinafine, itraconazole, and fluconazole have started to gain acceptance, topical treatment include selenium sulfide shampoo.
Naftifine is used topically for the treatment of dermatophytosis, including tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea corporis (ringworm of the body), tinea pedis (athlete's foot) and tinea manuum (ringworm of the hand). It is available in creams or gels. Occlusive dressings should be avoided after applying the topical preparations.
Antifungals that have been studied and found to be effective in the treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis include ketoconazole, fluconazole, miconazole, bifonazole, sertaconazole, clotrimazole, flutrimazole, ciclopirox, terbinafine, butenafine, selenium disulfide, and lithium salts such as lithium gluconate and lithium succinate.
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