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Git is a free and open-source software shared under the GPL-2.0-only license. Git was originally created by Linus Torvalds for version control during the development of the Linux kernel. [14] The trademark "Git" is registered by the Software Freedom Conservancy, marking its official recognition and continued evolution in the open-source community.
The users of the version control system can branch any branch. Branches are also known as trees, streams or codelines. The originating branch is sometimes called the parent branch, the upstream branch (or simply upstream, especially if the branches are maintained by different organizations or individuals), or the backing stream.
Experiments maintain a link to the commit in the current branch (Git HEAD) [31] as their parent or baseline. However, they do not form part of the regular Git tree (unless they are made persistent). [32] This stops temporary commits and branches from overflowing a user's repository. Common use cases [33] for experiments are:
Mercurial [open, distributed] – written in Python as an open source replacement to BitKeeper; decentralized and aims to be fast, lightweight, portable, and easy to use; Panvalet [proprietary, shared] – Around since the 1970s, source and object control for IBM mainframe computers
[1] [2] [3] Git, the world's most popular version control system, [4] is a distributed version control system. In 2010, software development author Joel Spolsky described distributed version control systems as "possibly the biggest advance in software development technology in the [past] ten years".
git reset --hard makes the current branch point to some specific revision or branch, and replaces the current working files with the files from that branch. git merge merges files from a given branch into the current branch. git push uploads changes from local branches to the respective remote repositories. git add puts current working files ...
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Cherry-picking: move only some revisions from a branch to another one (instead of merging the branches) Bisect : binary search of source history for a change that introduced or fixed a regression Incoming/outgoing : query the differences between the local repository and a remote one (the patches that would be fetched/sent on a pull/push)