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  2. Mirror therapy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror_therapy

    An occupational therapy assistant using mirror therapy to address phantom pain. Mirror therapy (MT) or mirror visual feedback (MVF) is a therapy for pain or disability that affects one side of the patient more than the other side. It was invented by Vilayanur S. Ramachandran to treat post-amputation patients who had phantom limb pain (PLP ...

  3. Limb telescoping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limb_telescoping

    Upon the unavoidable amputation of a limb, physical therapy may be introduced as an additional medical approach pre- and post-amputation to minimize phantom limb pain and limb telescoping following the surgical procedure. [13] Prior to any intervention, there must be a complete assessment of the patients' condition to identify their issues.

  4. Phantom limb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_limb

    A phantom limb is the sensation that an amputated or missing limb is still attached. It is a chronic condition which is often resistant to treatment. [1] When the cut ends of sensory fibres are stimulated during thigh movements, the patient feels as if the sensation is arising from the non-existent limb.

  5. Phantom pain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phantom_pain

    It allows for illusions of movement and touch in a phantom limb by inducing somatosensory and motor pathway coupling between the phantom and real limb. [23] Many patients experience pain as a result of a clenched phantom limb, and because phantom limbs are not under voluntary control, unclenching becomes impossible. [37]

  6. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcutaneous_electrical...

    A transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS or TNS) is a device that produces mild electric current to stimulate the nerves for therapeutic purposes.TENS, by definition, covers the complete range of transcutaneously applied currents used for nerve excitation, but the term is often used with a more restrictive intent, namely, to describe the kind of pulses produced by portable ...

  7. Cortical remapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_remapping

    The study found a strong connection between motor and somatosensory cortical remapping after amputation and phantom limb pain. The study assumed that somatosensory cortex reorganization can affect plasticity in the motor system because stimulation of the somatosensory cortex prompts long term potentiation in the motor cortex.

  8. Body transfer illusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_transfer_illusion

    Body transfer illusion has been used in order to treat the experience of phantom limb pain by giving visual feedback of the missing limb. The mirror box gives visual feedback that can allow a person using it the opportunity to "see" the missing hand, and to manipulate the hand in an attempt to relieve pain or discomfort.

  9. Stump sock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stump_sock

    socks with metal fabric that are worn to reduce phantom sensation or pain [4] [5] [6] compression socks that are worn to reduce tissue congestion or swelling [7] protective socks or liners that are worn to fit the stump inside a prosthesis [8] [9] socks that are worn to keep the stump warm [10]