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The pit of despair was a name used by American comparative psychologist Harry Harlow for a device he designed, technically called a vertical chamber apparatus, that he used in experiments on rhesus macaque monkeys at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in the 1970s. [2]
Monkey clinging to the cloth mother surrogate in fear test. Harry Frederick Harlow (October 31, 1905 – December 6, 1981) was an American psychologist best known for his maternal-separation, dependency needs, and social isolation experiments on rhesus monkeys, which manifested the importance of caregiving and companionship to social and cognitive development.
The so-called "pit of despair" was used in experiments conducted on rhesus macaque monkeys during the 1970s by American comparative psychologist Harry Harlow at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. [92] The aim of the research was to produce clinical depression. The vertical chamber was a stainless-steel bin with slippery sides that sloped to ...
The monkeys underwent little if any sexual posturing or reproduction in their lifetime. [7] [better source needed] To test how much social experience is necessary or needed in normal development, the Harlows performed another experiment where they isolated young rhesus monkeys by limiting the interaction time with other monkeys.
These monkeys have the largest natural range of any non-human primate, stretching from Afghanistan and India to Vietnam and China. “The other reason is because rhesus macaques, as primates go, are a pretty hardy species,” said Eve Cooper, the eLife research paper's lead author and a biology professor at the University of Colorado-Boulder.
At the University of Wisconsin-Madison Suomi worked with Harry Harlow to develop the pit of despair, a series of controversial and widely condemned experiments on baby monkeys that have been credited by some researchers as starting the animal liberation movement in the United States. [2] Suomi has made no mention of the morality of his work.
However, a rhesus monkey was cloned in 1999 using what researchers consider a simpler cloning method. In that case, scientists split the embryos, much like what happens naturally when identical ...
A Rhesus monkey at a research facility in Bastrop, Texas in 2011. (Houston Chronicle via Getty Images file) A police search is underway after 43 monkeys escaped from a research facility in South ...