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Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease) is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to diabetes.It is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries and one of the lead causes of sight loss in the world, even though there are many new therapies and improved treatments for helping people live with diabetes.
The most common osteoporotic fractures are of the wrist, spine, shoulder and hip. The symptoms of a vertebral collapse ("compression fracture") are sudden back pain, often with radicular pain (shooting pain due to nerve root compression) and rarely with spinal cord compression or cauda equina syndrome. Multiple vertebral fractures lead to a ...
The most common cause for hip fractures in the elderly is osteoporosis; if this is the case, treatment of the osteoporosis can well reduce the risk of further fracture. Only young patients tend to consider having it removed; the implant may function as a stress riser , increasing the risk of a break if another accident occurs.
Retinopathy is the most common cause of blindness among non-elderly adults in the developed world. Diabetic nephropathy, damage to the kidney due to increased glomerular pressure and hyperfiltration can lead to end-stage chronic kidney disease that may require renal dialysis. [27]
Diabetic angiopathy is a form of angiopathy associated with diabetic complications. [1] While not exclusive, the two most common forms are diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy, whose pathophysiologies are largely identical. Other forms of diabetic angiopathy include diabetic neuropathy and diabetic cardiomyopathy. [2] [3]
Femoral shaft fractures occur in a bimodal distribution, whereby they are most commonly seen in males age 15-24 (due to high energy trauma) and females aged 75 or older (pathologic fractures due to osteoporosis, low-energy falls). [20] [14] In Germany, femoral fractures are the most common type of fracture seen and treated in hospitals. [9] [21]
Symptoms generally start after age 60, but the CDC says you can reduce your risk of dementia by staying physically active, and managing conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure.
Pelvic fractures make up around 3% of adult fractures. [1] Stable fractures generally have a good outcome. [1] The risk of death with an unstable fracture is about 15%, while those who also have low blood pressure have a risk of death approaching 50%. [2] [4] Unstable fractures are often associated with injuries to other parts of the body. [3]