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2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula Cl 2 C 6 H 3 OCH 2 CO 2 H.It is usually referred to by its ISO common name 2,4-D. [4] It is a systemic herbicide that kills most broadleaf weeds by causing uncontrolled growth, but most grasses such as cereals, lawn turf, and grassland are relatively unaffected.
2,4-DB or 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid is a selective systemic phenoxy herbicide used to control many annual and perennial broad-leaf weeds in alfalfa, peanuts, soybeans, and other crops. Its active metabolite , 2,4-D , inhibits growth at the tips of stems and roots.
Today, only R-dichlorprop (also called dichlorprop-p or 2,4-DP-p) and its derivatives are sold as pesticides in the United States. Dichlorprop is a carboxylic acid, and like related herbicides with free acid groups, it is often sold as a salt or ester. Currently, the 2-ethylhexyl ester is used commercially. The butoxyethyl and isooctyl esters ...
Dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) is a selective systemic herbicide first registered in 1967. [4] Brand names for formulations of this herbicide include Dianat, Banvel, Diablo, Oracle and Vanquish. This chemical compound is a chlorinated derivative of o-anisic acid. [5]
ICI's decision to commercialize MCPA (rather than 2,4-D, for example) was influenced by the fact that ICI had access to 2-methyl-4-chlorophenol and following extensive field trials the material was first made available to UK farmers in 1946, as a 1% dust. [5]
Dimethylamine is a weak base and the pKa of the ammonium CH 3-NH + 2-CH 3 is 10.73, a value above methylamine (10.64) and trimethylamine (9.79). Dimethylamine reacts with acids to form salts, such as dimethylamine hydrochloride, an odorless white solid with a melting point of 171.5 °C.
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It reacts with butyllithium to give the 2-lithio derivative. Electrophilic methylating agents like dimethyl sulfate attack the amine to give the quaternary ammonium salt: [8] C 6 H 5 N(CH 3) 2 +(CH 3 O) 2 SO 2 → C 6 H 5 N(CH 3) 3 CH 3 OSO 3. Diethylaniline and dimethylaniline are both used as acid-absorbing bases.