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That is, the Taylor series diverges at x if the distance between x and b is larger than the radius of convergence. The Taylor series can be used to calculate the value of an entire function at every point, if the value of the function, and of all of its derivatives, are known at a single point. Uses of the Taylor series for analytic functions ...
The Taylor series of f converges uniformly to the zero function T f (x) = 0, which is analytic with all coefficients equal to zero. The function f is unequal to this Taylor series, and hence non-analytic. For any order k ∈ N and radius r > 0 there exists M k,r > 0 satisfying the remainder bound above.
Faà di Bruno's formula gives coefficients of the composition of two formal power series in terms of the coefficients of those two series. Equivalently, it is a formula for the nth derivative of a composite function. Lagrange reversion theorem for another theorem sometimes called the inversion theorem; Formal power series#The Lagrange inversion ...
The notation convention chosen here (with W 0 and W −1) follows the canonical reference on the Lambert W function by Corless, Gonnet, Hare, Jeffrey and Knuth. [3]The name "product logarithm" can be understood as this: Since the inverse function of f(w) = e w is called the logarithm, it makes sense to call the inverse "function" of the product we w as "product logarithm".
In probability theory, it is possible to approximate the moments of a function f of a random variable X using Taylor expansions, provided that f is sufficiently differentiable and that the moments of X are finite. A simulation-based alternative to this approximation is the application of Monte Carlo simulations.
A Laurent series is a generalization of the Taylor series, allowing terms with negative exponents; it takes the form = and converges in an annulus. [6] In particular, a Laurent series can be used to examine the behavior of a complex function near a singularity by considering the series expansion on an annulus centered at the singularity.
For given x, Padé approximants can be computed by Wynn's epsilon algorithm [2] and also other sequence transformations [3] from the partial sums = + + + + of the Taylor series of f, i.e., we have = ()!. f can also be a formal power series, and, hence, Padé approximants can also be applied to the summation of divergent series.
Two ways of making this expansion can be found in the literature: The first is a Taylor series in the Cartesian coordinates x, y, and z, while the second is in terms of spherical harmonics which depend on spherical polar coordinates. The Cartesian approach has the advantage that no prior knowledge of Legendre functions, spherical harmonics, etc ...