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One of the foundational definitions in the field of organizational development (aka OD) is planned change: . According to Beckard defines that “Organization Development is an effort planned, organization-wide, and managed from the top, to increase organization effectiveness and health through planned interventions in the organization's 'processes,' using behavioral-science knowledge.”
Richard Beckhard (1918–1999) was an American organizational theorist, adjunct professor at MIT, and researcher in the field of organization development.. Beckhard co-launched the Addison-Wesley Organization Development Series and began the Organization Development Network in 1967. [1]
The change agent is a behavioral scientist who knows how to get people in an organization involved in solving their own problems. A change agent's main strength is a comprehensive knowledge of human behavior, supported by a number of intervention techniques (to be discussed later).
The formula for change (or "the change formula") provides a model to assess the relative strengths affecting the likely success of organisational change programs. The formula was created by David Gleicher while he was working at management consultants Arthur D. Little in the early 1960s, [1] refined by Kathie Dannemiller in the 1980s, [2] and further developed by Steve Cady.
Burke–Litwin model of organizational performance and change (1992) [3] All models are based on open system (Open System Theory, OST): From the General System Theory defined by Von Bertalaffy (a system complex of interacting elements), Katz and Kahn (1978) apply the concept of Open System Theory (OST), looking at the relationship between the ...
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Change management (CM) is a discipline that focuses on managing changes within an organization. Change management involves implementing approaches to prepare and ...
A theory of change (ToC) is an explicit theory of how and why it is thought that a social policy or program activities lead to outcomes and impacts. [1] ToCs are used in the design of programs and program evaluation, across a range of policy areas. Theories of change can be developed at any stage of a program, depending on the intended use.