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  2. Ï - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ï

    Ï, lowercase ï, is a symbol used in various languages written with the Latin alphabet; it can be read as the letter I with diaeresis, I-umlaut or I-trema.. Initially in French and also in Afrikaans, Catalan, Dutch, Galician, Southern Sami, Welsh, and occasionally English, ï is used when i follows another vowel and indicates hiatus in the pronunciation of such a word.

  3. Umlaut (diacritic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umlaut_(diacritic)

    Umlaut (/ ˈ ʊ m l aʊ t /) is a name for the two dots diacritical mark ( ̈) as used to indicate in writing (as part of the letters ä , ö , and ü ) the result of the historical sound shift due to which former back vowels are now pronounced as front vowels (for example , , and as , , and ).

  4. Diaeresis (diacritic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaeresis_(diacritic)

    It consists of a two dots diacritic placed over a letter, generally a vowel. [ 2 ] [ b ] The diaeresis diacritic indicates that two adjoining letters that would normally form a digraph and be pronounced as one sound, are instead to be read as separate vowels in two syllables.

  5. Ä - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ä

    The letter Ä arose in German and later in Swedish from originally writing the E in AE on top of the A, which with time became simplified as two dots, consistent with the Sütterlin script. In the Icelandic, Faroese, Danish and Norwegian alphabets, "Æ" is still used instead of Ä.

  6. Diacritic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacritic

    Two diagonally-placed dots above a letter represent [ɑ], transliterated as ā or â or å, Two horizontally-placed dots below a letter represent [ɛ], transliterated as e or ĕ; often pronounced [ɪ] and transliterated as i in the East Syriac dialect, Two diagonally-placed dots below a letter represent [e], transliterated as ē,

  7. English terms with diacritical marks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_terms_with...

    the macron (English poetry marking, lēad pronounced / l iː d /, not / l ɛ d /), lengthening vowels, as in Māori; or indicating omitted n or m (in pre-Modern English, both in print and in handwriting). the breve (English poetry marking, drŏll pronounced / d r ɒ l /, not / d r oʊ l /), shortening vowels; the umlaut , altering Germanic vowels

  8. Ë - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ë

    The words geër ("giver") and geer (a wedge-shaped piece of fabric), for instance, are both pronounced in contemporary language. Historically, though, words like geër or reën ("rain") were pronounced in two syllables: reën, which nowadays is pronounced , was pronounced as in older Afrikaans.

  9. Two dots (diacritic) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_dots_(diacritic)

    Komi and Udmurt use Ӧ (a Cyrillic O with two dots) for [ə]. The Swedish , Finnish and Estonian languages use Ä and Ö to represent [æ] and [ø] In the languages of J.R.R. Tolkien 's Middle-Earth novels, a diaeresis is used to separate vowels belonging to different syllables (e.g. in Eärendil ) and on final e to mark it as not a schwa or ...