Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, joined by single bonds (), or unsaturated, with double bonds or triple bonds ().If other elements (heteroatoms) are bound to the carbon chain, the most common being oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine, it is no longer a hydrocarbon, and therefore no longer an aliphatic compound.
Analysis of the hydrocarbon fraction of crude oils by GC reveals a complex mixture containing many thousands of individual components. [11] Components that are resolved by GC have been extensively studied e.g. [ 12 ] However, despite the application of many analytical techniques the remaining components have, until very recently, proved ...
Hydrocarbons, especially alkanes, are produced by myriad organisms as waste, for defense, as structural elements, and as chemoattractants. [34] Therefore, this type of biodegradation represents one of the major sinks of hydrocarbon compounds and one of the source of carbon dioxide in marine environments.
The epicuticular waxes of plants are mixtures of substituted long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, containing alkanes, alkyl esters, fatty acids, primary and secondary alcohols, diols, ketones and aldehydes. [2] From the commercial perspective, the most important plant wax is carnauba wax, a hard wax obtained from the Brazilian palm Copernicia ...
Experiments under high temperatures and pressures produced many hydrocarbons—including n-alkanes through C 10 H 22 —from iron oxide, calcium carbonate, and water. [17] Because such materials are in the mantle and in subducted crust, there is no requirement that all hydrocarbons be produced from primordial deposits.
Aromatic hydrocarbons contain conjugated double bonds. This means that every carbon atom in the ring is sp2 hybridized, allowing for added stability. The most important example is benzene, the structure of which was formulated by Kekulé who first proposed the delocalization or resonance principle for explaining its structure. For "conventional ...
Under these conditions, aliphatic hydrocarbons form rings and lose hydrogen to become aromatic hydrocarbons. The aromatic products of the reaction are then separated from the reaction mixture (or reformate) by extraction with any one of a number of solvents , including diethylene glycol or sulfolane , and benzene is then separated from the ...
The Yamaguchi esterification is the chemical reaction of an aliphatic carboxylic acid and 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride (TCBC, Yamaguchi reagent) to form a mixed anhydride which, upon reaction with an alcohol in the presence of stoichiometric amount of DMAP, produces the desired ester. It was first reported by Masaru Yamaguchi et al. in 1979 ...