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The main objective of interval arithmetic is to provide a simple way of calculating upper and lower bounds of a function's range in one or more variables. These endpoints are not necessarily the true supremum or infimum of a range since the precise calculation of those values can be difficult or impossible; the bounds only need to contain the function's range as a subset.
In summary, a set of the real numbers is an interval, if and only if it is an open interval, a closed interval, or a half-open interval. [4] [5] A degenerate interval is any set consisting of a single real number (i.e., an interval of the form [a, a]). [6] Some authors include the empty set in this definition.
In statistics, the 68–95–99.7 rule, also known as the empirical rule, and sometimes abbreviated 3sr, is a shorthand used to remember the percentage of values that lie within an interval estimate in a normal distribution: approximately 68%, 95%, and 99.7% of the values lie within one, two, and three standard deviations of the mean, respectively.
In modern Western tonal music theory, a diminished second is the interval produced by narrowing a minor second by one chromatic semitone. [1] In twelve-tone equal temperament, it is enharmonically equivalent to a perfect unison; [3] therefore, it is the interval between notes on two adjacent staff positions, or having adjacent note letters, altered in such a way that they have no pitch ...
Take each digit of the number (371) in reverse order (173), multiplying them successively by the digits 1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, repeating with this sequence of multipliers as long as necessary (1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, 1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 5, ...), and adding the products (1×1 + 7×3 + 3×2 = 1 + 21 + 6 = 28). The original number is divisible by 7 if and only if ...
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In music and in music theory, "seventh interval" refers to the following musical intervals: major seventh, minor seventh, augmented seventh, or; diminished seventh.
In statistics, interval estimation is the use of sample data to estimate an interval of possible values of a parameter of interest. This is in contrast to point estimation, which gives a single value. [1] The most prevalent forms of interval estimation are confidence intervals (a frequentist method) and credible intervals (a Bayesian method). [2]