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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. [2] Its onset may be gradual or sudden. [ 2 ] Other symptoms may include movement problems, changes in mood , or changes in personality . [ 2 ]
Encephalopathy is a difficult term because it can be used to denote either a disease or finding (i.e., an observable sign in a person). [citation needed] When referring to a finding, encephalopathy refers to permanent (or degenerative) [11] brain injury, or a reversible one. It can be due to direct injury to the brain, or illness remote from ...
The exact definition of "rapid" is somewhat debatable, and different sub-divisions exist, which are based on the time from onset of first hepatic symptoms to onset of encephalopathy. One scheme defines "acute hepatic failure" as the development of encephalopathy within 26 weeks of the onset of any hepatic symptoms.
The exact definition of "rapid" is somewhat questionable, and different sub-divisions exist which are based on the time from onset of first hepatic symptoms to onset of encephalopathy. One scheme defines "acute hepatic failure" as the development of encephalopathy within 26 weeks of the onset of any hepatic symptoms.
It may also present with Hepatic encephalopathy (brain dysfunction due to liver failure) causing symptoms such as confusion, decreased levels of consciousness, or asterixis, [5] (a characteristic flapping movement when the wrist is extended indicative of hepatic encephalopathy).
It was originally introduced in the screening for dementia, but has also found application in other situations, [3] such as hepatic encephalopathy. [ 4 ] References
However, TIPS patients develop hepatic encephalopathy significantly more often." [31] Another option for people with refractory or malignant ascites is the automated low-flow ascites pump (Alfapump), an implanted machine, which uses a pump to move ascites from the peritoneal cavity to the bladder for urination. [32] [33]
Sleep inversion may be a symptom of elevated blood ammonia levels [2] and is often an early symptom of hepatic encephalopathy. [3] Sleep inversion is a feature of African trypanosomiasis, after which the disease takes its common name, "African sleeping sickness"; [4] sleep-wake cycle disturbances are the most common indication that the disease has reached the stage where infection spreads into ...