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In mathematics, Scheinerman's conjecture, now a theorem, states that every planar graph is the intersection graph of a set of line segments in the plane. This conjecture was formulated by E. R. Scheinerman in his Ph.D. thesis , following earlier results that every planar graph could be represented as the intersection graph of a set of simple curves in the plane (Ehrlich, Even & Tarjan 1976).
Alspach's theorem (graph theory) Amitsur–Levitzki theorem (linear algebra) Analyst's traveling salesman theorem (discrete mathematics) Analytic Fredholm theorem (functional analysis) Anderson's theorem (real analysis) Andreotti–Frankel theorem (algebraic geometry) Angle bisector theorem (Euclidean geometry) Ankeny–Artin–Chowla theorem ...
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the intersection number of a graph = (,) is the smallest number of elements in a representation of as an intersection graph of finite sets. In such a representation, each vertex is represented as a set, and two vertices are connected by an edge whenever their sets have a common element.
An example of how intersecting sets define a graph. In graph theory, an intersection graph is a graph that represents the pattern of intersections of a family of sets.Any graph can be represented as an intersection graph, but some important special classes of graphs can be defined by the types of sets that are used to form an intersection representation of them.
The second potential problem is that even if the intersection is zero-dimensional, it may be non-transverse, for example, if V is a plane curve and W is one of its tangent lines. The first problem requires the machinery of intersection theory, discussed above in detail, which replaces V and W by more convenient subvarieties using the moving lemma.
De Morgan's laws represented with Venn diagrams.In each case, the resultant set is the set of all points in any shade of blue. In propositional logic and Boolean algebra, De Morgan's laws, [1] [2] [3] also known as De Morgan's theorem, [4] are a pair of transformation rules that are both valid rules of inference.
Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.
One example is the constrained shortest path problem, [16] which attempts to minimize the total cost of the path while at the same time maintaining another metric below a given threshold. This makes the problem NP-complete (such problems are not believed to be efficiently solvable for large sets of data, see P = NP problem).
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