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Patients with aberrant c-Met activity usually have a poor prognosis, aggressive disease, increased metastasis and shortened survival. [10] This is why targeting the HGF/c-MET signalling pathway has been untaken as a treatment for cancer, [10] [13] and several different therapeutic
Tucatinib is a kinase inhibitor indicated in combination with trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of adults with advanced unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer, including those with brain metastases, who have received one or more prior anti-HER2-based regimens in the metastatic setting. [3]
Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGF receptor) [5] [6] is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MET gene.The protein possesses tyrosine kinase activity. [7] The primary single chain precursor protein is post-translationally cleaved to produce the alpha and beta subunits, which are disulfide linked to form the mature receptor.
Breast cancer is not a single disease but multiple ones, each carrying varying degrees of risk for endangering women’s health. In recent years, many researchers have been focused on DCIS: ductal ...
Staging breast cancer is the initial step to help physicians determine the most appropriate course of treatment. As of 2016, guidelines incorporated biologic factors, such as tumor grade, cellular proliferation rate, estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression, and gene expression profiling into the staging system.
Pertuzumab is administered as an intravenous infusion in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel as a first line treatment for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. [4] [3] It is also used in the same combination as a neoadjuvant (given to reduce the size of a tumor, prior to surgery or radiation) for HER2-positive early breast cancer; as of 2016 this use had not been shown to increase ...
Adavosertib is a Wee1 kinase inhibitor that is undergoing numerous clinical trials in the treatment of refractory solid tumors. [9] However, toxicities such as myelosuppression , diarrhea , and supraventricular tachyarrhythmia have arisen while attempting to determine the toxicity and effectiveness of the drug.
In November 2017, the European Commission authorized Ontruzant, a biosimilar from Samsung Bioepis Co., Ltd, for the treatment of early breast cancer, metastatic breast cancer and metastatic gastric cancer. [16] [17] Ontruzant is the first trastuzumab biosimilar to receive regulatory approval in the European Union. [91]
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