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Patents may not generally be obtained for scientific principles, abstract theorems, ideas, methods of conducting business, computer programs, and medical treatments. Some exceptions have been made. Patents are protected in Canada by the Patent Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. P-4). [5]
The Patent Act (French: Loi sur les brevets) is Canadian federal legislation and is one of the main pieces of Canadian legislation governing patent law in Canada.It sets out the criteria for patentability, what can and cannot be patented in Canada, the process for obtaining a Canadian patent, and provides for the enforcement of Canadian patent rights.
Canadian patent law is the legal system regulating the granting of patents for inventions within Canada, and the enforcement of these rights in Canada.. A 'patent' is a government grant that gives the inventor—as well as their heirs, executors, and assignees—the exclusive right within Canada to make, use, and/or sell the claimed invention during the term of the patent, subject to adjudication.
In Canada, patents are governed by the Patent Act.Section 42 of the Patent Act establishes the rights of a patent holder: 42. Every patent granted under this Act shall contain the title or name of the invention, with a reference to the specification, and shall, subject to this Act, grant to the patentee and the patentee’s legal representatives for the term of the patent, from the granting of ...
The claims are a mandatory part of the specification through s. 27(4) of the Patent Act [11] which states: [t]he specification must end with a claim or claims defining distinctly and in explicit terms the subject-matter of the invention for which an exclusive privilege or property is claimed".
In Canadian patent law, only “inventions” are patentable. Under the Patent Act, [1] only certain categories of things may be considered and defined as inventions. . Therefore, if a patent discloses an item that fulfills the requirements of novelty, non-obviousness and utility, it may nonetheless be found invalid on the grounds that it does not fall within one of the statutory categories of ...
The Patent Act has an additional prohibition in section 27(8) that "No patent shall be granted for any mere scientific principle or abstract theorem." [ 1 ] This requirement, though it does not relate directly to software, has been found by the courts to limit the patentability of some computer-using inventions.
The Canadian Patent Act allows that: 59. The defendant, in any action for infringement of a patent may plead as matter of defence any fact or default which by this Act or by law renders the patent void, and the court shall take cognizance of that pleading and of the relevant facts and decide accordingly. [4]