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Thionyl chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula SOCl 2.It is a moderately volatile, colourless liquid with an unpleasant acrid odour.Thionyl chloride is primarily used as a chlorinating reagent, with approximately 45,000 tonnes (50,000 short tons) per year being produced during the early 1990s, [5] but is occasionally also used as a solvent.
The von Braun amide degradation is the chemical reaction of a monosubstituted amide with phosphorus pentachloride or thionyl chloride to give a nitrile and an organohalide. [1] It is named after Julius Jacob von Braun, who first reported the reaction. [2] [3] The von Braun amide degradation
Phosphorus trichloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PCl 3. A colorless liquid when pure, it is an important industrial chemical , being used for the manufacture of phosphites and other organophosphorus compounds .
Alkyl chlorides are most easily prepared by treating alcohols with thionyl chloride (SOCl 2) or phosphorus pentachloride (PCl 5), but also commonly with sulfuryl chloride (SO 2 Cl 2) and phosphorus trichloride (PCl 3): ROH + SOCl 2 → RCl + SO 2 + HCl 3 ROH + PCl 3 → 3 RCl + H 3 PO 3 ROH + PCl 5 → RCl + POCl 3 + HCl
The Beckmann rearrangement is often catalyzed by acid; however, other reagents have been known to promote the rearrangement. These include tosyl chloride, thionyl chloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus pentoxide, triethylamine, sodium hydroxide, trimethylsilyl iodide among others. [3]
Red phosphorus: methamphetamine, amphetamine: White phosphorus (other names: yellow phosphorus) methamphetamine, ... Thionyl chloride: lysergic acid diethylamide
Thionyl chloride [11] is a well-suited reagent as the by-products (HCl, SO 2) are gases and residual thionyl chloride can be easily removed as a result of its low boiling point (76 °C). Phosphorus chlorides
Darzens halogenation is the chemical synthesis of alkyl halides from alcohols via the treatment upon reflux of a large excess of thionyl chloride or thionyl bromide (SOX 2) in the presence of a small amount of a nitrogen base, such as a tertiary amine or pyridine or its corresponding hydrochloride or hydrobromide salt.
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