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Atmospheric instability is a condition where the Earth's atmosphere is considered to be unstable and as a result local weather is highly variable through distance and time. [ clarification needed ] [ 1 ] Atmospheric instability encourages vertical motion, which is directly correlated to different types of weather systems and their severity.
A convergence zone in meteorology is a region in the atmosphere where two prevailing flows meet and interact, usually resulting in distinctive weather conditions. [1] This causes a mass accumulation that eventually leads to a vertical movement and to the formation of clouds and precipitation. [1]
Instability results from difference between the adiabatic lapse rate of an air mass and the ambient lapse rate in the atmosphere. [2] If the adiabatic lapse rate is lower than the ambient lapse rate, an air mass displaced upward cools less rapidly than the air in which it is moving. Hence, such an air mass becomes warmer relative to the ...
Usually, within the lower atmosphere (the troposphere) the air near the surface of the Earth is warmer than the air above it, largely because the atmosphere is heated from below as solar radiation warms the Earth's surface, which in turn then warms the layer of the atmosphere directly above it, e.g., by thermals (convective heat transfer). [3]
S for s uperior air (dry air formed by significant upward lift in the atmosphere). The third letter designates the stability of the atmosphere; it is labeled: k if the air mass is c older (“ k older”) than the ground below it. w if the air mass is w armer than the ground below it.
In meteorology, the planetary boundary layer (PBL), also known as the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) or peplosphere, is the lowest part of the atmosphere and its behaviour is directly influenced by its contact with a planetary surface. [1] On Earth it usually responds to changes in surface radiative forcing in an hour or less.
Several bodies have been found after parts of southern and eastern Spain were hit by severe flash flooding on Tuesday, with some locations receiving up to 12 inches of rain in just a few hours ...
As a result, baroclinic eddies form on scales of around 1° (~100 km) at the tropics, but less than 1/12° (~10 km) at the poles and in some shelf seas. [12] Most climate models, such as those run as part of CMIP experiments, are run at a resolution of 1-1/4° in the ocean, [ 13 ] and can therefore not resolve baroclinic eddies across large ...