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In computer science, a red–black tree is a self-balancing binary search tree data structure noted for fast storage and retrieval of ordered information. The nodes in a red-black tree hold an extra "color" bit, often drawn as red and black, which help ensure that the tree is always approximately balanced.
A left-leaning red-black tree satisfies all the properties of a red-black tree: Every node is either red or black. A NIL node is considered black. A red node does not have a red child. Every path from a given node to any of its descendant NIL nodes goes through the same number of black nodes. The root is black (by convention).
One property of a 2–3–4 tree is that all external nodes are at the same depth. 2–3–4 trees are closely related to red–black trees by interpreting red links (that is, links to red children) as internal links of 3-nodes and 4-nodes, although this correspondence is not one-to-one. [2]
Various height-balanced binary search trees were introduced to confine the tree height, such as AVL trees, Treaps, and red–black trees. [5] The AVL tree was invented by Georgy Adelson-Velsky and Evgenii Landis in 1962 for the efficient organization of information. [6] [7] It was the first self-balancing binary search tree to be invented. [8]
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Both AVL trees and red–black (RB) trees are self-balancing binary search trees and they are related mathematically. Indeed, every AVL tree can be colored red–black, [14] but there are RB trees which are not AVL balanced. For maintaining the AVL (or RB) tree's invariants, rotations play an important role.
Bombax ceiba, like other trees of the genus Bombax, is commonly known as cotton tree. More specifically, it is sometimes known as Malabar silk-cotton tree ; red silk-cotton ; red cotton tree ; or ambiguously as silk-cotton or kapok , [ 3 ] both of which may also refer to Ceiba pentandra .
The state's flora encompasses a wide range of plant species, including both native and cultivated varieties.Telangana tropical rainy type of climate prevails, The State has a wide variety of soils and they form into three broad categories - red, black and laterite with Tropical moist deciduous forests, Southern dry deciduous forests, Northern ...