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In the European Union, directive 2003/10/EC mandates that employers shall provide hearing protection at noise levels exceeding 80 dB(A), and that hearing protection is mandatory for noise levels exceeding 85 dB(A). [60] Both values are based on 8 hours per day, with a 3 dB exchange rate.
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) typically occurs when the auditory system experiences an elevation of hearing thresholds due to exposure to high-level noise, a phenomenon known as a temporary threshold shift (TTS), and does not return to normal threshold levels. [6] The damage to the auditory system can vary depending on the type of noise ...
Employers must make hearing protection available to all employees who are exposed to noise levels of 85 dB(A) or greater. This is to be at no cost to employees. Employees can pick whichever type of hearing protection they prefer. This also requires an ongoing evaluation of the hearing protection. The fourth aspect is a training program.
Adults, as well as children, experience hearing loss if the sound intensity is loud enough. According to the NIH, data from 2005-2006 estimated that 17% of teenagers had noise-induced hearing loss ...
The threshold of hearing is generally reported in reference to the RMS sound pressure of 20 micropascals, i.e. 0 dB SPL, corresponding to a sound intensity of 0.98 pW/m 2 at 1 atmosphere and 25 °C. [3] It is approximately the quietest sound a young human with undamaged hearing can detect at 1 kHz. [4]
For humans, normal hearing is between −10 dB(HL) and 15 dB(HL), [2] [3] although 0 dB from 250 Hz to 8 kHz is deemed to be 'average' normal hearing. Hearing thresholds of humans and other mammals can be found with behavioural hearing tests or physiological tests used in audiometry .
Hearing range describes the frequency range that can be heard by humans or other animals, though it can also refer to the range of levels. The human range is commonly given as 20 to 20,000 Hz, although there is considerable variation between individuals, especially at high frequencies, and a gradual loss of sensitivity to higher frequencies ...
The shape of the audiogram resulting from pure-tone audiometry gives an indication of the type of hearing loss as well as possible causes. Conductive hearing loss due to disorders of the middle ear shows as a flat increase in thresholds across the frequency range. Sensorineural hearing loss will have a contoured shape depending on the cause.
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