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Bone-marrow transplantation usually requires that the recipient's own bone marrow be destroyed (myeloablation). Prior to the administration of new cells (engraftment), patients may go for several weeks without appreciable numbers of white blood cells to help fight infection.
The administered hematopoietic stem cells then migrate to the recipient's bone marrow, through a process known as stem cell homing, where the transplanted cells override the previous bone marrow. This allows the bone marrow to recover, proliferate and continue producing healthy blood cells. [citation needed] The transplantation may be ...
Allografts can be referred to as "homostatic" if they are biologically inert when transplanted, such as bone and cartilage. [2] An immune response against an allograft or xenograft is termed rejection. An allogenic bone marrow transplant can result in an immune attack on the recipient, called graft-versus-host disease.
Thomas' work showed that bone marrow cells infused intravenously could repopulate the bone marrow and produce new blood cells. His work also reduced the likelihood of developing a life-threatening complication called graft-versus-host disease. [5] The first physician to perform a successful human bone marrow transplant was Robert A. Good.
This process indicates that, subsequent to bone marrow transplantation, symmetrical cell divisions into two daughter hematopoietic stem cells must occur. Stem cell self-renewal is thought to occur in the stem cell niche in the bone marrow, and it is reasonable to assume that key signals present in this niche will be important in self-renewal. [2]
A bone marrow transplant is the process in which a patient has an infusion of healthy stem cells — the immature cells that develop into red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets — to ...
It is most often performed for patients with certain cancers of the blood or bone marrow, such as multiple myeloma or leukemia. [11] In these cases, the recipient's immune system is usually destroyed with radiation or chemotherapy before the transplantation. Infection and graft-versus-host disease are major complications of allogeneic HSCT. [11]
During the 16-hour event, she’d swabbed her cheek to join the National Marrow Donor Program, a global nonprofit facilitating bone marrow and stem cell transplants for patients with life ...