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The isthmic organizer, or isthmus organizer, also known as the midbrain−hindbrain boundary (MHB), is a secondary organizer region that develops at the junction of the midbrain and metencephalon (embryonic hindbrain). [1] The MHB expresses signaling molecules that regulate the differentiation and patterning of the adjacent neuroepithelium.
Embryonic vertebrate subdivisions of the developing human brain hindbrain or rhombencephalon is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. It includes the medulla , pons , and cerebellum .
The hindbrain, rhombencephalon (shaped like a rhombus) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. It includes the medulla , pons , and cerebellum . Together they support vital bodily processes.
The midbrain links sensory, motor, and integrative components received from the hindbrain, connecting it to the forebrain. The tectum, which includes the optic tectum and torus semicircularis, receives auditory, visual, and somatosensory inputs, forming integrated maps of the sensory and visual space around the animal. [ 59 ]
These swellings are known as the primary brain vesicles and represent the beginnings of the forebrain (prosencephalon), midbrain (mesencephalon), and hindbrain (rhombencephalon). [65] [66] Neural crest cells (derived from the ectoderm) populate the lateral edges of the plate at the neural folds.
Brain anatomy – forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain. The cerebral peduncles each form a lobe ventrally of the tegmentum, on either side of the midline. Beyond the midbrain, between the lobes, is the interpeduncular fossa, which is a cistern filled with cerebrospinal fluid [citation needed]. The majority of each lobe constitutes the cerebral crus.
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The forebrain controls body temperature, reproductive functions, eating, sleeping, and the display of emotions. Vesicles of the forebrain (prosencephalon), the midbrain (mesencephalon), and hindbrain (rhombencephalon) are the three primary brain vesicles during the early development of the nervous system .