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Saline (also known as saline solution) is a mixture of sodium chloride (salt) and water. [1] It has a number of uses in medicine including cleaning wounds, removal and storage of contact lenses, and help with dry eyes. [2] By injection into a vein, it is used to treat hypovolemia such as that from gastroenteritis and diabetic ketoacidosis.
Saline solution normally contains 0.9% sodium chloride. This article walks you through application instructions based on the intended use.
This is sometimes used to debride wounds, however some training authorities advise against this as it may kill cells which bacteria can then feed on; Irrigation syringe – with catheter tip for cleaning wounds with sterile water, saline solution, or a weak iodine solution. The stream of liquid flushes out particles of dirt and debris.
A 1:20 solution is isotonic with body fluids. 1:4 dilution is used for wound management applications; this contains 0.25% (w/v) available chlorine and has a pH of 10.5–11.2. [1] [2] The fluid has been used in endodontics, for example to irrigate an infected root canal, although it is not medically licensed for use in the mouth. [3]
A retrospective analysis of wound cleanser clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness focused on polyhexamethylene biguanide solution, Ringer's solution or saline in 112 venous leg ulcer patients. [31] The study group received the polyhexamethylene biguanide solution (n=59) and the control group received either Ringer's solution or saline
Dakin's solution is a dilute solution of sodium hypochlorite (0.4% to 0.5%) and other stabilizing ingredients, traditionally used as an antiseptic, e.g. to cleanse wounds in order to prevent infection. [1] The preparation was for a time called also Carrel–Dakin solution or Carrel–Dakin fluid. [2]
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