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Quercus garryana is an oak tree species named for Nicholas Garry, deputy governor of the Hudson's Bay Company. It is commonly known as the Garry oak, Oregon white oak or Oregon oak . The species is found in the Pacific Northwest , with a range stretching from southern California to southwestern British Columbia .
The genus Quercus contains about 500 known species, plus about 180 hybrids between them. [1] The genus, as is the case with many large genera, is divided into subgenera and sections. Traditionally, the genus Quercus was divided into the two subgenera Cyclobalanopsis, the ring-cupped oaks, and Quercus, which included
Quercus garryana var. semota – Garry oak; Quercus lobata – Valley oak; Quercus wislizenii – Interior live oak; Salix laevigata – Red willow; Salix lasiolepis – Arroyo willow; Chaparral Adenostoma fasciculatum – Chamise (dominant species) Arctostaphylos spp. – Manzanita Arctostaphylos mewukka – Indian manzanita (sn-endemic)
Garry oaks (Quercus garryana). The oaks can be found growing in riparian areas, along with Oregon ash (Fraxinus latifolia). In the forested hills on the north side of the reserve, conifers such as Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) predominate. Mima mounds can be found at both the North and South site.
Historically, the Willamette Valley forests were mostly an oak savanna, tall grasslands with scattered Oregon white oaks (Quercus garryana), and groves of coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii subsp. menziesii). The river floodplains contained extensive wetlands, stands of willow, alder, and cottonwood, and gallery forests.
Native ash species, including white ash (pictured), have been declining rapidly this century due to predation by the emerald ash borer. [1]Silvics of North America (1991), [2] [3] a forest inventory compiled and published by the United States Forest Service, includes many hardwood trees.
The West Rocky Prairie Unit has over 300 acres (120 hectares) of woods, 360 acres (150 hectares) of wetlands, 40 acres (16 hectares) of Quercus garryana (Garry oak trees), and 300 acres (120 hectares) of Mima mounds. [3]
The range is part of the Northern California coastal forests ecoregion. It is largely forested with climax-dominant trees including coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii ssp. menziesii), oak (Quercus garryana and Q. kelloggii), and tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus), with pockets of Sugar Pine (Pinus lambertiana) found along steep slopes above the fogline.