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  2. List of unsolved problems in biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    The emergence and evolution of intelligence What are the laws and mechanisms - of new idea emergence ( insight , creativity synthesis, intuition , decision-making , eureka ); development (evolution) of an individual mind in the ontogenesis , etc.?

  3. List of eponymous laws - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_eponymous_laws

    Orgel's rules, in evolutionary biology, are a set of axioms attributed to the evolutionary biologist Leslie Orgel: First rule: "Whenever a spontaneous process is too slow or too inefficient a protein will evolve to speed it up or make it more efficient." Second rule: "Evolution is cleverer than you are."

  4. Abiogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis

    Life functions through the specialized chemistry of carbon and water, and builds largely upon four key families of chemicals: lipids for cell membranes, carbohydrates such as sugars, amino acids for protein metabolism, and nucleic acid DNA and RNA for the mechanisms of heredity. Any successful theory of abiogenesis must explain the origins and ...

  5. Physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physiology

    Physiology (/ ˌ f ɪ z i ˈ ɒ l ə dʒ i /; from Ancient Greek φύσις (phúsis) 'nature, origin' and -λογία () 'study of') [1] is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system.

  6. Human - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human

    [24] [25] Though fossils from the transition are scarce, the earliest members of Homo share several key traits with Australopithecus. [ 26 ] [ 27 ] The earliest record of Homo is the 2.8 million-year-old specimen LD 350-1 from Ethiopia , and the earliest named species are Homo habilis and Homo rudolfensis which evolved by 2.3 million years ago ...

  7. Ornithology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithology

    Studies on migration have attempted to answer questions on the evolution of migration, orientation, and navigation. [49] The growth of genetics and the rise of molecular biology led to the application of the gene-centered view of evolution to explain avian phenomena.

  8. 2.01 (Buran-class spacecraft) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2.01_(Buran-class_spacecraft)

    2.01 (GRAU index serial number 11F35 3K) is the designation of the third Buran-class orbiter to be produced as part of the Soviet/Russian Buran programme.Its construction was not complete when the Buran programme was cancelled (30–50 percent done), so it remains unfinished. [1]

  9. Cambrian explosion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambrian_explosion

    The Cambrian explosion (also known as Cambrian radiation [1] or Cambrian diversification) is an interval of time beginning approximately in the Cambrian period of the early Paleozoic, when a sudden radiation of complex life occurred and practically all major animal phyla started appearing in the fossil record.