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A nucleoside triphosphate is a nucleoside containing a nitrogenous base bound to a 5-carbon sugar (either ribose or deoxyribose), with three phosphate groups bound to the sugar. [1] They are the molecular precursors of both DNA and RNA, which are chains of nucleotides made through the processes of DNA replication and transcription. [2]
In enzymology, a nucleoside-triphosphatase (NTPase) (EC 3.6.1.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction NTP + H 2 O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } NDP + phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are NTP and H 2 O , whereas its two products are NDP and phosphate .
In enzymology, a nucleoside-triphosphate diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. a nucleoside triphosphate + H 2 O a nucleotide + diphosphate. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are nucleoside triphosphate and H 2 O, whereas its two products are nucleotide and diphosphate.
In enzymology, a nucleoside-triphosphate-adenylate kinase (EC 2.7.4.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. nucleoside triphosphate + AMP nucleoside diphosphate + ADP. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are nucleoside triphosphate and AMP, whereas its two products are nucleoside diphosphate and ADP.
A nucleoside consists simply of a nucleobase (also termed a nitrogenous base) and a five-carbon sugar (ribose or 2'-deoxyribose) whereas a nucleotide is composed of a nucleobase, a five-carbon sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. In a nucleoside, the anomeric carbon is linked through a glycosidic bond to the N9 of a purine or the N1 of a ...
The RNA chain is synthesized from the 5' end to the 3' end as the 3'-hydroxyl group of the last ribonucleotide in the chain acts as a nucleophile and launches a hydrophilic attack on the 5'-triphosphate of the incoming ribonucleotide, releasing pyrophosphate as a by-[6] product. Due to the physical properties of the nucleotides, the backbone of ...
In enzymology, a nucleoside-triphosphate-aldose-1-phosphate nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.28) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction nucleoside triphosphate + alpha-D-aldose 1-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } diphosphate + NDP-hexose
ENPP1 protein may function to hydrolyze nucleoside 5′-triphosphates to their corresponding monophosphates and may also hydrolyze diadenosine polyphosphates. The main substrate of ENNP1 is adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is cleaved into adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and diphosphate. [8]
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