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The thecal sac or dural sac is the membranous sheath (theca) or tube of dura mater that surrounds the spinal cord and the cauda equina. The thecal sac contains the cerebrospinal fluid which provides nutrients and buoyancy to the spinal cord. [ 1 ]
Intradural disc herniation occurs when the disc material crosses the dura mater and enters the thecal sac. It is a rare form of disc herniation with an incidence of 0.2–2.2%. Pre-operative imaging can be helpful for diagnosis, but intra-operative findings are required for confirmation. [26]
Spinal stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal or neural foramen that results in pressure on the spinal cord or nerve roots. [6] Symptoms may include pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs. [1]
Lumbar puncture is done before injected contrast into the thecal sac. However, it is dangerous to do lumbar puncture in those who have raised intracranial pressure (ICP). [3] For those who had recently done lumbar puncture in one week time, there may be some cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulates in the subdural space.
A transitional vertebra at the lumbosacral junction can cause arthritis, disk changes, or thecal sac compression. Back pain associated with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) is known as Bertolotti's syndrome .
Stagnation of the CSF within the thecal sac facilitates exudation from the tumour itself and activation of coagulation factors. A clinical test formerly used for evaluation of spinal stenosis is Queckenstedt's maneuver. Nowadays, a magnetic resonance imaging is used for identification of CSF flow obstruction.
The theca of the spinal cord is called the thecal sac, and intrathecal injections are made there or in the subarachnoid space of the skull. In human embryogenesis , the theca cells form a corpus luteum after a Graafian follicle has expelled its secondary oocyte arrested in second meiosis .
Cervical spinal stenosis is a bone disease involving the narrowing of the spinal canal at the level of the neck.It is frequently due to chronic degeneration, [1] but may also be congenital.