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Marine aquaculture is a fast developing sector, with a focus on mussels, oysters, abalone, seaweeds, and prawns. Of these, mussel farming is the best established. Abalone culture is now well established, centred in the Hermanus area on the Cape south coast. There is also an experimental offshore farm (cage culture) off Gansbaai for salmon." [1]
Since 2000, aquaculture has been the fastest growing food production sector, growing 5.8% per year, [6] supplying over 100 metric tonnes of fish, shellfish and seaweeds from 425 species in 2017. [3] [4] Global aquaculture production by country in million tonnes, 1950–2010, as reported by the FAO. Based on data sourced from the FishStat database.
Organic aquaculture is a holistic method for farming fish and other marine species in line with organic principles. [1] The ideals of this practice established sustainable marine environments with consideration for naturally occurring ecosystems, use of pesticides, and the treatment of aquatic life. [ 2 ]
Aquacultural engineering is a multidisciplinary field of engineering and that aims to solve technical problems associated with farming aquatic vertebrates, invertebrates, and algae. [1] Common aquaculture systems requiring optimization and engineering include sea cages, ponds, and recirculating systems. [2]
A freshwater prawn farm is an aquaculture business designed to raise and produce freshwater prawns or shrimp 1 for human consumption. Freshwater prawn farming shares many characteristics with, and many of the same problems as, marine shrimp farming .
On a dry-dry basis, 2–4 kg of wild-caught fish are needed to produce 1 kg of salmon. [23] The ratio may be reduced if non-fish sources are added. [20] Wild salmon require about 10 kg of forage fish to produce 1 kg of salmon, as part of the normal trophic level energy transfer. The difference between the two numbers is related to farmed salmon ...
Offshore aquaculture, also known as open water aquaculture or open ocean aquaculture, is an emerging approach to mariculture (seawater aquafarming) where fish farms are positioned in deeper and less sheltered waters some distance away from the coast, where the cultivated fish stocks are exposed to more naturalistic living conditions with ...
Inland saline aquaculture is the farming or culture of aquatic animals and plants using inland (i.e. non-coastal) sources of saline groundwater rather than the more common coastal aquaculture methods. As a side benefit, it can be used to reduce the amount of salt in underground water tables, leading to an improvement in the surrounding land ...