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In quantum mechanics, the principal quantum number (n) of an electron in an atom indicates which electron shell or energy level it is in. Its values are natural numbers (1, 2, 3, ...). Hydrogen and Helium , at their lowest energies, have just one electron shell.
The principal quantum number in hydrogen is related to the atom's total energy. Note that the maximum value of the angular momentum quantum number is limited by the principal quantum number: it can run only up to n − 1 {\displaystyle n-1} , i.e., ℓ = 0 , 1 , … , n − 1 {\displaystyle \ell =0,1,\ldots ,n-1} .
In quantum physics and chemistry, quantum numbers are quantities that characterize the possible states of the system. To fully specify the state of the electron in a hydrogen atom, four quantum numbers are needed. The traditional set of quantum numbers includes the principal, azimuthal, magnetic, and spin quantum numbers. To describe other ...
Z is the atomic number, n′ (often written ) is the principal quantum number of the lower energy level, n (or ) is the principal quantum number of the upper energy level, and; is the Rydberg constant. (1.096 77 × 10 7 m −1 for hydrogen and 1.097 37 × 10 7 m −1 for heavy metals). [5] [6]
is the Rydberg constant for hydrogen, approximately 1.096 775 83 × 10 7 m −1, is the principal quantum number of an energy level, and; is the principal quantum number of an energy level for the atomic electron transition. Note: Here, >
Hydrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest element and, at standard conditions, is a gas of diatomic molecules with the formula H 2, sometimes called dihydrogen, [11] hydrogen gas, molecular hydrogen, or simply hydrogen. It is colorless, odorless, [12] non-toxic, and highly combustible.
Main page; Contents; Current events; ... 2.5 Hydrogen atom. 3 See also. 4 Footnotes. 5 Sources. ... m j = total angular momentum magnetic quantum number;
The term "azimuthal quantum number" was introduced by Arnold Sommerfeld in 1915 [1]: II:132 as part of an ad hoc description of the energy structure of atomic spectra. . Only later with the quantum model of the atom was it understood that this number, ℓ, arises from quantization of orbital angular moment