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Arbutus are small trees or shrubs with red flaking bark and edible red berries. [6] Fruit development is delayed for about five months after pollination, so that flowers appear while the previous year's fruit are ripening. [6] Peak flowering for the genus is in April with peak fruiting in October. [7]
Shepherdia, commonly called buffaloberry [1] or bullberry, is a genus of small shrubs in the Elaeagnaceae family. The plants are native to northern and western North America. [2] They are non-legume nitrogen fixers. Shepherdia is dioecious, with male and female flowers produced on separate plants. [3]
Shepherdia argentea, commonly called silver buffaloberry, [3] bull berry, or thorny buffaloberry, is a species of Shepherdia in the Oleaster family.. It is native to central and western North America, from the Prairie Provinces of Canada (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba) southwards in the United States as far as Ventura County in California, as well as northern Arizona, and northwestern New ...
The leaves are scale-like, 2 to 5 millimetres (1 ⁄ 16 to 3 ⁄ 16 inch) long, and produced on rounded (not flattened) shoots. It is a dioecious species, with separate male and female plants. The seed cones are round, 3 to 5 mm ( 1 ⁄ 8 to 3 ⁄ 16 in) long, and soft, pulpy and berry -like, green at first, maturing purple about 8 months after ...
Juice from the ripe berries is astringent, semi-sweet (moderate sugar content), sour (low pH), and contains a low level of vitamin C. [29] The berries have a tart flavor and, in addition to juice, can be baked into breads. [27] In the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, aronia juice concentrate is used in manufactured juice blends.
Rubus parviflorus is a dense shrub up to 2.5 meters (8 feet) tall with canes no more than 1.5 centimeters (1 ⁄ 2 inch) in diameter, often growing in large clumps which spread through the plant's underground rhizome.
Rubus ursinus is a wide, mounding shrub or vine, growing to 0.61–1.52 metres (2–5 feet) high, and more than 1.8 m (6 ft) wide. [3] The prickly branches can take root if they touch soil, thus enabling the plant to spread vegetatively and form larger clonal colonies.
The finely and sharply serrate leaves are shiny and dark green above. Gaultheria shallon is 0.4 to 3.05 metres (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 to 10 feet) tall, sprawling to erect. It is loosely to densely branched and often forms dense, nearly impenetrable thickets. [2]