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The mesothorax is the middle of the three segments of the thorax of hexapods, and bears the second pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the mesonotum ( dorsal ), the mesosternum ( ventral ), and the mesopleuron ( lateral ) on each side.
The mesothorax is evolved to have more powerful muscles to propel moth or butterfly through the air, with the wing of said segment having a stronger vein structure. [ 33 ] : 560 The largest superfamily, Noctuidae , has the wings modified to act as tympanal or hearing organs [ 50 ] Modifications in the wing's venation include: [ 49 ]
The insect thorax has three segments: the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax. The anterior segment, closest to the head, is the prothorax; its major features are the first pair of legs and the pronotum. The middle segment is the mesothorax; its major features are the second pair of legs and the anterior wings, if any.
It is formed by the prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax and comprises the scutellum; the cervix, a membrane that separates the head from the thorax; and the pleuron, a lateral sclerite of the thorax. In dragonflies and damselflies, the mesothorax and metathorax are fused together to form the synthorax. [1] [2]
Bodianus mesothorax, the split-level hogfish, blackbelt hogfish, black-belt hogfish, coral hogfish, eclipse hogfish, eclipse pigfish, mesothorax hogfish or yellow-spotted hogfish, [3] is a species of wrasse native to the western Pacific Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean.
The mesothorax carries the second pair of legs and the front wings. The metathorax carries the third pair of legs and the hind wings. [ 8 ] [ 40 ] The abdomen is the largest part of the insect, typically with 11–12 segments, and is less strongly sclerotized than the head or thorax.
The mesothorax, tegmina, abdomen and leaflets, are all blackish green. The mesothorax may have small tubercles. The abdomen contains numerous small spots. The cerci are extremely long and may be somewhat dentated. [3] [4] The nymphs are similar to the older stage, but with only small wing buds instead of the full-length wings of the adults. [3]
Adults are small (< 2 millimetres (5 ⁄ 64 in)) to medium-sized insects (- < 10 millimetres (25 ⁄ 64 in)). Larger Diptera are rare, only certain families of Diptera Mydidae and Pantophthalmidae reach 95–100 millimetres (3 + 3 ⁄ 4 –4 in) wingspan while tropical species of Tipulidae have been recorded at over 100 millimetres (4 in).