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Those with diabetes, however, often have worse outcomes. [10] Cellulitis occurred in about 21.2 million people in 2015. [7] In the United States about 2 of every 1,000 people per year have a case affecting the lower leg. [1] Cellulitis in 2015 resulted in about 16,900 deaths worldwide. [8]
Patients present with an acute onset of swelling, pain, erythema, prominent tenderness, warmness and limited range of motion in both ankles. [1] [2] Lower legs and heels may also be involved, however the distal parts of feet and toes are usually spared. Patients may also experience high-graded fever, pitting edema and hypotension.
This is a shortened version of the twelfth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue. It covers ICD codes 680 to 709 . The full chapter can be found on pages 379 to 393 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9.
Erysipelas (/ ˌ ɛ r ə ˈ s ɪ p ə l ə s /) is a relatively common bacterial infection of the superficial layer of the skin (upper dermis), extending to the superficial lymphatic vessels within the skin, characterized by a raised, well-defined, tender, bright red rash, typically on the face or legs, but which can occur anywhere on the skin.
Further, cellulitis can be classified based into purulent and non-purulent cellulitis, based on the most likely causative agent and the symptoms presentation. [8] Purulent cellulitis is often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, including both methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
Stasis dermatitis is diagnosed clinically by assessing the appearance of red plaques on the lower legs and the inner side of the ankle. Stasis dermatitis can resemble a number of other conditions, such as cellulitis and contact dermatitis, and at times needs the use of a duplex ultrasound to confirm the diagnosis or if clinical diagnosis alone is not sufficient.
[10] When the inferior limbs are affected, the redness of the skin runs over the great saphenous vein location and can be confused for thrombophlebitis. [citation needed] Lymphangitis resulting from bed bug bites. Chronic lymphangitis is a cutaneous condition that is the result of recurrent bouts of acute bacterial lymphangitis. [11]: 261
Eosinophilic cellulitis, also known as Wells' syndrome (not to be confused with Weil's disease), is a skin disease that presents with painful, red, raised, and warm patches of skin. [2] The rash comes on suddenly, lasts for a few weeks, and often repeatedly comes back. [2] Scar formation does not typically occur. [1]