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Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism , though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence .
Download QR code; Print/export Download as PDF; ... A., Algebraic Topology, Cambridge University Press (2002) ISBN ...
Hatcher, Allen (2002), Algebraic Topology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-79540-0. Jean-Pierre Marquis (2006) "A path to Epistemology of Mathematics: Homotopy theory", pages 239 to 260 in The Architecture of Modern Mathematics, J. Ferreiros & J.J. Gray, editors, Oxford University Press ISBN 978-0-19-856793-6
An Introduction to Algebraic Topology (1988), Springer-Verlag; ISBN 0-387-96678-1 An Introduction to the Theory of Groups (1995), Springer-Verlag; ISBN 0-387-94285-8 A First Course in Abstract Algebra (2000), Prentice Hall; ISBN 0-13-011584-3
A Concise Course in Algebraic Topology. University of Chicago Press. pp. 183– 198. ISBN 0-226-51182-0. This textbook gives a detailed construction of the Thom class for trivial vector bundles, and also formulates the theorem in case of arbitrary vector bundles. Stong, Robert E. (1968). Notes on cobordism theory. Princeton University Press ...
Download QR code; Print/export Download as PDF; ... In mathematics, a topological algebra is an algebra ... ISBN 9780080871356. ...
Hatcher, A., Algebraic Topology, Cambridge University Press (2002) ISBN 0-521-79540-0. Detailed discussion of homology theories for simplicial complexes and manifolds, singular homology, etc. May JP (1999). A Concise Course in Algebraic Topology (PDF). University of Chicago Press. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09
In mathematics, more specifically algebraic topology, a pair (,) is shorthand for an inclusion of topological spaces:.Sometimes is assumed to be a cofibration.A morphism from (,) to (′, ′) is given by two maps : ′ and : ′ such that ′ =.