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Since sodium is an alkali element, its selective removal from the surface results in a dealkalized surface. A classic example of dealkalization is the treatment of glass containers , where a special process is used to create a dealkalized inside surface that is more resistant to interactions with liquid products put inside the container.
Sulfate attack typically happens to ground floor slabs in contact with soils containing a source of sulfates. [2] Sulfates dissolved by ground moisture migrate into the concrete of the slab where they react with different mineral phases of the hardened cement paste. The attack arises from soils containing SO 2−
Alkali sulfates are formed from sulfur trioxide and sodium-containing compounds. As the formation of vanadates is preferred, sulfates are formed only if the amount of alkali metals is higher than the corresponding amount of vanadium. [3] The same kind of attack has been observed for potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate.
For special cements, such as low heat (LH) and sulfate resistant (SR) types, it is necessary to limit the amount of tricalcium aluminate formed. The clinker and its hydration reactions are characterized and studied in detail by many techniques, including calorimetry , strength development, X-ray diffraction , scanning electron microscope and ...
Sodium sulfate is a typical electrostatically bonded ionic sulfate. The existence of free sulfate ions in solution is indicated by the easy formation of insoluble sulfates when these solutions are treated with Ba 2+ or Pb 2+ salts: Na 2 SO 4 + BaCl 2 → 2 NaCl + BaSO 4. Sodium sulfate is unreactive toward most oxidizing or reducing agents.
Most Americans in a new poll said they probably won’t get an updated COVID-19 vaccine. The Pew Research Center survey found 60 percent said they are “probably not” going to “get an updated ...
This page provides supplementary chemical data on sodium sulfate. Material Safety Data Sheet. The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It ...
A military police officer has been arrested in Brazil after a video emerged of him throwing a civilian over a bridge in Sao Paulo on Monday, sparking protests in the city.