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Gabapentinoids, also known as α 2 δ ligands, are a class of drugs that are chemically derivatives of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) (i.e., GABA analogues) which bind selectively to the α 2 δ protein that was first described as an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs).
A GABA reuptake inhibitor (GRI) is a type of drug which acts as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitter gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) by blocking the action of the gamma-Aminobutyric acid transporters (GATs). This in turn leads to increased extracellular concentrations of GABA and therefore an increase in GABAergic neurotransmission. [1]
It was found that the chemically synthesized GABA reduces blood pressure in experimental animals [2] [3] and humans. [4] Further research demonstrated that GABA tea was also able to reduce the blood pressure in experimental animals and humans. [5] [6] [7] [full citation needed] GABA tea production was also widely adopted by Taiwanese tea makers.
By the early 1970s, it was appreciated that there are two main classes of GABA receptors, GABA A and GABA B and also that baclofen was an agonist of GABA B receptors. Gabapentin was designed, synthesized and tested in mice by researchers at the pharmaceutical company Goedecke AG in Freiburg, Germany (a subsidiary of Parke-Davis ).
A GABA analogue is a compound which is an analogue or derivative of the neurotransmitter gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) (the IUPAC of which is 4-aminobutanoic acid). Many GABA analogues are used as drugs , especially as anticonvulsants , sedatives , and anxiolytics .
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However, some general anaesthetics like propofol and high doses of barbiturates may not only be positive allosteric modulators of GABA-A receptors but also direct agonists of these receptors. Alcohol is an indirect GABA agonist. GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, and GABA-like drugs are used to suppress spasms. Alcohol ...