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A burning sensation in the mouth may be primary (i.e. burning mouth syndrome) or secondary to systemic or local factors. [1] Other sources refer to a "secondary BMS" with a similar definition, i.e. a burning sensation which is caused by local or systemic factors, [16] or "where oral burning is explained by a clinical abnormality". [17]
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, complex, premalignant (1% transformation risk) condition of the oral cavity, characterized by juxta-epithelial inflammatory reaction and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues (the lamina propria and deeper connective tissues).
Rarely is any soreness associated with the condition. Apart from the appearance of the lesion, there are usually no other signs or symptoms. The typical appearance of the lesion is an oval or rhomboid shaped area located in the midline of the dorsal surface of the tongue, just anterior (in front) of the sulcus terminalis.
Burning sensation. [2] Some use the term secondary burning mouth syndrome in cases where a detectable cause, such as glossitis, for an oral burning sensation. [5] Depending upon the underlying cause, there may be additional signs and symptoms such as pallor, oral ulceration and angular cheilitis. [2]
TMD is considered by some to be one of the 4 major symptom complexes in chronic orofacial pain, along with burning mouth syndrome, atypical facial pain and atypical odontalgia. [13] TMD has been considered as a type of musculoskeletal , [ 14 ] neuromuscular , [ 15 ] or rheumatological disorder. [ 14 ]
Nicorandil is a medication that is prescribed for the treatment of angina. It can cause major aphthous-like ulcer formation (BNF, 2020). [6] Iron, folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies – The most commonest cause of iron deficiencies is low ferritin; this can cause the tongue to appear beefy red and appear sore.
This coating has been identified as a major contributing factor in bad breath , [7] which can be managed by brushing the tongue gently with a toothbrush or using special oral hygiene instruments such as tongue scrapers or mouth brushes. [8] Burning mouth syndrome - this chronic pain disorder commonly involves the tongue. In reflection of this ...
Dapsone by mouth was one of the first medications used to treat moderate to severe acne vulgaris, and is still occasionally prescribed for the treatment of severe cases. [11] [12] A topical form of dapsone is also effective with potentially less side effects. [13] It is unclear if the combination with pyrimethamine is useful in the prevention ...