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Synapomorphy/homology – a derived trait that is found in some or all terminal groups of a clade, and inherited from a common ancestor, for which it was an autapomorphy (i.e., not present in its immediate ancestor). Underlying synapomorphy – a synapomorphy that has been lost again in many members of the clade. If lost in all but one, it can ...
Patterns such as these lead many cladists to consider the concept of homology and the concept of synapomorphy to be equivalent. [ 25 ] [ 24 ] Some cladists follow the pre-cladistic definition of homology of Haas and Simpson, [ 26 ] and view both synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies as homologous character states.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (/ ˌ f aɪ b r oʊ d ɪ ˈ s p l eɪ ʒ (i) ə ɒ ˈ s ɪ f ɪ k æ n z p r ə ˈ ɡ r ɛ s ɪ v ə /; [1] abbr. FOP), also called Münchmeyer disease or formerly myositis ossificans progressiva, is an extremely rare connective tissue disease in which fibrous connective tissue such as muscle, tendons, and ligaments turn into bone tissue (ossification).
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Synapomorphy/Homology – a derived trait that is found in some or all terminal groups of a clade, and inherited from a common ancestor, for which it was an autapomorphy (i.e., not present in its immediate ancestor). Underlying synapomorphy – a synapomorphy that has been lost again in many members of the clade. If lost in all but one, it can ...
The prefrontal is a smaller bone on the side margin of the skull roof between the frontal, lacrimal, and nasal. [25]: 38 predentary The predentary is an unpaired bone found in front of the dentaries of the lower jaw that formed the lower beak in ornithischians. [1]: 142 Its presence is considered an ornithischian synapomorphy. [99] premaxilla
An important feature within the formation of the Weberian apparatus, which is a synapomorphy of the Otocephala, is the attachment of the anterior Pleural cavity (rib) to the Swim bladder. Another crucial feature is the anterior otophysic diverticula of the swim bladder and contacting the inner ear, seen in extant Clupeiformes. There is also a ...
The posterior end of the maxilla bends medially, insetting the postcanines from the labial border of the snout. The dentary of Abdalodon diastematicus has a well defined masseteric fossa (a synapomorphy of cynodonts). It sits high on the coronoid process, and is where the masseter muscle would have attached to the dentary. The postdentary bones ...