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James Quinn Wilson (May 27, 1931 – March 2, 2012) was an American political scientist and an authority on public administration. Most of his career was spent as a professor at UCLA and Harvard University .
The theory was introduced in a 1982 article by conservative think tanks social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. [1] It was popularized in the 1990s by New York City police commissioner William Bratton and mayor Rudy Giuliani , whose policing policies were influenced by the theory.
The book was particularly controversial because it re-invigorated the nature versus nurture debate in criminology. [10] The book also influenced Herbert Needleman to research the potential link between lead and crime. [11] In 2012, The Washington Post ' s Matt Schudel wrote that the book was "one of [Wilson's] most controversial books". [12]
DeVry University, Kansas City, Mo. Donnelly College, Two-year Catholic college founded in 1949, located in Kansas City, Ks. Friends University Kansas City Area Center, master's degree programs including Master of Science in Family Therapy, Lenexa, Ks. Graceland University, Independence, Mo. Johnson County Community College, Overland Park, Ks.
This philosophy was replaced by the positivist and Chicago schools and was not revived until the 1970s with the writings of James Q. Wilson, Gary Becker's 1965 article Crime and Punishment [55] and George Stigler's 1970 article The Optimum Enforcement of Laws. [56]
According to a study in a book by James Q. Wilson (Varieties of Police Behavior, 1968, 1978, Harvard University Press), there were three distinct types of policing developed in his study of eight communities. Each style emphasized different police functions and was linked to specific characteristics of the community the department served.
The Broken Windows theory is a criminological theory that was first introduced by social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling in a 1982 issue of The Atlantic Monthly, in which they argue that areas exhibiting visible evidence of anti-social behaviour such as graffiti and vandalism act as catalysts for the occurrence of more serious crimes. [5]
The "broken windows" theory, put forth by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling in 1982, explored the impact that visible deterioration and neglect in neighborhoods have on behavior. Property maintenance was added as a CPTED strategy on par with surveillance, access control, and territoriality.