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A glass ceiling is a metaphor usually applied to women, used to represent an invisible barrier that prevents a given demographic from rising beyond a certain level in a hierarchy. [1] The metaphor was first used by feminists in reference to barriers in the careers of high-achieving women.
The glass cliff is a hypothesized phenomenon in which women are more likely to break the "glass ceiling" (i.e. achieve leadership roles in business and government) during periods of crisis or downturn when the risk of failure is highest.
The glass ceiling effect also indicates the limited chances of women for income raises and promotion or advancement to more prestigious positions or jobs. As women are prevented by these artificial barriers, from either receiving job promotions or income raises, the effects of the inequality of the glass ceiling increase over the course of a ...
Examples include sex, skin colour, eye shape, place of birth, sexuality, gender identity, parentage and social status of parents. Achieved characteristics are those which a person earns or chooses; examples include level of education, marital status, leadership status and other measures of merit. In most societies, an individual's social status ...
The stained-glass ceiling is a particular aspect of a broader trend of gender segregation and discrimination in religious communities, by use defined social roles and barriers typically justified by either tradition, dogma, or doctrine of the church group.
Called the "paper ceiling," this invisible barrier holds workers without a college degree back. The nonprofit organization Opportunity at Work says as many as 30 million workers are held back by ...
Marilyn Loden (July 12, 1946 – August 6, 2022) was an American writer, management consultant, and diversity advocate. Loden is credited with coining the term "glass ceiling", during a 1978 speech.
Glass-Ceiling Index (GCI) is an index for visualizing the glass ceiling metaphor, created by The Economist, combining data on higher education, labour-force participation, pay, child cares costs, maternity and paternity rights business-school applications and representation in senior jobs. [1]