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Common sites of metastasis for breast cancer. Metastatic breast cancer, also referred to as metastases, advanced breast cancer, secondary tumors, secondaries or stage IV breast cancer, is a stage of breast cancer where the breast cancer cells have spread to distant sites beyond the axillary lymph nodes. There is no cure for metastatic breast ...
Metastatic lesions from breast cancer may produce symptoms according to that organ system. The most common sites for metastasis are the bone, lung, liver, and brain. [ 17 ] Skin metastases most commonly extend to the skin overlying the mass, but may spread to the axilla or more distant areas. [ 18 ]
Molecular classification of breast cancer from mRNA expression profiles. DNA microarrays have compared normal cells to breast cancer cells and found differences in the expression of hundreds of genes. Although the significance of many of those genetic differences is unknown, independent analyses by different research groups has found that ...
The tumor in the lung is then called metastatic breast cancer, not lung cancer. Metastasis is a key element in cancer staging systems such as the TNM staging system, where it represents the "M". In overall stage grouping, metastasis places a cancer in Stage IV. The possibilities of curative treatment are greatly reduced, or often entirely ...
Metastatic carcinoma is cancer that is able to grow at sites distant from the primary site of origin; thus, dissemination to the skin may occur with any malignant neoplasm, and these infiltrates may result from direct invasion of the skin from underlying tumors, may extend by lymphatic or hematogenous spread, or may be introduced by therapeutic ...
If the tumor is diagnosed early, breast-saving surgery could be an option, although this is relatively uncommon. In non-metastatic MBC, the most common treatment is mastectomy. If the tumor is metastatic, surgery is no longer a viable option, and treatment generally defaults to aggressive chemotherapy.
Women in the study carrying all six genes were 4.2 times more likely to be diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer than those with none or only one of the variants, the study found.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 29 January 2025. Cancer that originates in mammary glands Medical condition Breast cancer An illustration of breast cancer Specialty Surgical Oncology Symptoms A lump in a breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, fluid from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, a red scaly patch of skin on ...
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