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Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11]
Signs of autism are highly variable, and different individuals will have a different mix of traits. Some more common traits include: Avoidance of eye contact – preference to avoid eye contact and feelings of fear or being overwhelmed when looking into someone's eyes; Developmental delay – slower acquisition of life skills
Autistic masking is the act of concealing autistic traits to come across as neurotypical, as if behind a mask. Autistic masking, also referred to as camouflaging, is the conscious or subconscious suppression of autistic behaviors, such as stimming in public, [1] and compensation of difficulties in social interaction by autistic people, with the goal of being perceived as neurotypical.
The term "high-functioning autism" was used in a manner similar to Asperger syndrome, another outdated classification.The defining characteristic recognized by psychologists was a significant delay in the development of early speech and language skills, before the age of three years. [12]
Classic autism, also known as childhood autism, autistic disorder, or Kanner's syndrome, is a formerly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder first described by Leo Kanner in 1943.
Special interests were later one of the traits listed when autism first appeared in the DSM-III in 1980. [2] In 2024, special interests are listed as a diagnostic trait of autism in the current DSM-5-TR, described as "highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus (e.g., strong attachment to or preoccupation with ...
Savant syndrome (/ ˈ s æ v ə n t, s æ ˈ v ɑː n t / SAV-ənt, sə-VAHNT, US also / s ə ˈ v ɑː n t / sav-AHNT) is a phenomenon where someone demonstrates exceptional aptitude in one domain, such as art or mathematics, despite significant social or intellectual impairment.
Autistic burnout is defined as a syndrome of exhaustion, skill loss/regression, and sensory hypersensitivity or intensification of other autistic features. [1] Autistic people commonly say it is caused by prolonged overexertion of one's abilities to cope with life stressors, including lack of accommodations for one's support needs, which tax an autistic person's mental, emotional, physical ...