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Compared to similarly sized fish, mammals and birds typically have brain sizes fifteen times larger, though some species of fish such as elephantnose fish have very large brain-to-body ratios. However, fish still display intelligence that cannot be explained through Pavlovian and operant conditioning, such as reversal learning, novel obstacle ...
Fish stocks indicators, which is normalized as a 0–100 proximity-to-target score, with 100 representing "at target" and 0 being furthest from the target. Stock assessments provide fisheries managers with the information that is used in the regulation of a fish stock. Biological and fisheries data are collected in a stock assessment.
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The Trout memo, written in 1939, is a document comparing the deception of an enemy in wartime with fly fishing. [1] Issued under the name of Admiral John Godfrey, Britain's director of naval intelligence, according to the historian Ben Macintyre it bore the hallmarks of having been written by Godfrey's assistant Ian Fleming, who later created the James Bond series of spy novels.
FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 477. Rome, FAO. 2007. 108p ; Quinn, Terrance J. II and Richard B. Deriso (1999) Quantitative Fish Dynamics.Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-507631-1; Sparre, Per and Hart, Paul J B (2002) Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries, Chapter13: Choosing the best model for fisheries assessment. Blackwell Publishing.
The general factor of intelligence, or g factor, is a psychometric construct that summarizes the correlations observed between an individual's scores on various measures of cognitive abilities. It has been suggested that g is related to evolutionary life histories and the evolution of intelligence [ 131 ] as well as to social learning and ...
Fisheries objectives need to be expressed in concrete management rules. In most countries fisheries management rules should be based on the internationally agreed, though non-binding, Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries, [8] agreed at a meeting of the U.N.'s Food and Agriculture Organization FAO session in 1995.
Aristotle (ca. 340 B.C.) may have been the first scientist to speculate on the use of hard parts of fishes to determine age, stating in Historica Animalium that “the age of a scaly fish may be told by the size and hardness of its scales.” [4] However, it was not until the development of the microscope that more detailed studies were performed on the structure of scales. [5]