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Polybutylene plumbing was used in several million homes built in the United States from around 1978 to 1997. Problems with leaks and broken pipes led to a class action lawsuit, Cox v. Shell Oil, that was settled for $1 billion. [13] [14] The leaks were associated with degradation of polybutylene exposed to chlorinated water. [15]
The complaint was that polybutylene pipes and fittings deteriorate over time due to the presence of chlorine compounds in water, resulting in leaks that can lead to property damage and creating the potential for contamination from pesticides and other toxic materials. [63] According to Moriarty: Polybutylene was a new modern miracle.
Polymer degradation caused by in-service degradation can cause life threatening accidents. In 1996, a baby was fed via a Hickman line and suffered an infection, when new connectors were used by a hospital. The reason behind this infection was the cracking and erosion of the pipes from the inner side due to contact with liquid media. [7]
Newly discovered damage in Glen Canyon Dam would require releasing less water at low reservoir levels — a problem that increases water risks in the Southwest.
[35] [36] The photo-oxidation of other linear polyesters such as polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate proceeds similarly. Photodissociation involves the formation of an excited terephthalic acid unit which undergoes Norrish reactions. The type I reaction dominates, which cause chain scission at the carbonyl unit to give a ...
currently, the article reads: "Polybutylene plumbing was used in 6 to 10 million homes built in the United States from 1970 to the mid-1990s" and cites Pacific Crest Inspections. Hensler is a much more reliable source and explains on page 394, note 3 that U.S. Brass claimed 6 million in an advertisement, but Shell Oil in an official response to ...
Chlorine-induced cracking of acetal resin plumbing joints and polybutylene pipes has caused many serious floods in domestic properties, especially in the US in the 1990s. Traces of chlorine in the water supply attacked polymers present in the plumbing, a problem which occurs faster if any of the parts have been poorly extruded or injection molded.
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