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The treatment and recovery phases of diabetic ketoacidosis Volume resuscitation with 0.9% normal saline provides a chloride load, so that infusing more than 3–4L can cause acidosis Hyperalimentation ( i.e. , total parenteral nutrition )
A 2004 statement by the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society (for children) uses slightly different cutoffs, where mild DKA is defined by pH 7.20–7.30 (bicarbonate 10–15 mmol/L), moderate DKA by pH 7.1–7.2 (bicarbonate 5–10) and severe DKA by pH<7.1 (bicarbonate below 5).
Blood tests for the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis measure glycemia (sugar level), pH (blood acidity), and ketone bodies. As urgent medical treatment is often required when DKA is suspected, the tentative diagnosis can be made based on clinical history and by calculating the anion gap from the basic metabolic panel , which would demonstrate ...
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the life-threatening severe complications of diabetes that demands immediate attention and intervention. [7] It is considered a medical emergency and can affect both patients with T1D (type 1 diabetes) and T2D (type 2 diabetes), but it is more common in T1D. [8]
The goal of pediatric early warning systems is to alert staff to deterioration in pediatric patients at the earliest possibility to quickly intervene and improve mortality rates. [22] It is based on the idea that using objective clinical indicators and risk assessment tools will improve communication and improve patient care, however, there is ...
The Pediatric Assessment Triangle or PAT is a tool used in emergency medicine to form a general impression of a pediatric patient. [1] In emergency medicine, a general impression is formed the first time the medical professional views the patient, usually within seconds. [ 2 ]
People with type 1 diabetes experience diabetic ketoacidosis 1–5 times per 100 person-years, the majority of which result in hospitalization. [ 97 ] 13–19% of type 1 diabetes-related deaths are caused by ketoacidosis, [ 94 ] making ketoacidosis the leading cause of death in people with type 1 diabetes less than 58 years old.
Blood sugar levels are often normal or only mildly increased. [2] Other conditions that may present similarly include other causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis including diabetic ketoacidosis. [2] Treatment is generally with intravenous normal saline and intravenous sugar solution. [2]