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Campylobacteriosis is among the most common infections caused by a bacterium in humans, often as a foodborne illness. It is caused by the Campylobacter bacterium , [ 2 ] most commonly C. jejuni . It produces an inflammatory, sometimes bloody, diarrhea or dysentery syndrome, and usually cramps, fever and pain.
Campylobacter can cause a gastrointestinal infection, campylobacteriosis. The incubation period is 24–72 hours after infection. [30] This is characterized by an inflammatory, sometimes bloody diarrhea or dysentery syndrome, mostly including cramps, fever, and pain.
Campylobacteriosis is often self-limiting infection, which is treated according to the symptoms, for example with electrolyte replacement and rehydration. While extra fluid is required of an infected person for as long as the symptoms lasts, antibiotics such as azithromycin or ciprofloxacin can be used to treat risk groups, including ...
Humans can become infected after contact with contaminated cat and dog feces, which accounts for a small percentage of human campylobacteriosis cases. [13] The majority of human cases are food-borne. Younger animals and children with underdeveloped immune systems are at greatest risk of infection. [14]
[1] [53] C. jejuni infection is a significant global health issue, with infection rates ranging from 0.3 to 2.9%. [29] It is a widespread infection that affects individuals of all ages but is more prevalent in developing countries. [29] In these areas, diarrhea is the most common clinical presentation, and it has a severe impact on children. [29]
Bovine venereal campylobacteriosis is primarily a problem in beef cattle breeding stock [5]. C. fetus subspecies venerealis is an obligate colonizer of the bull penile and preputial mucosa. [22] [23] [20] [4] [24] [25] Infection of bulls with Cfv is a chronic, asymptomatic infection that leads to the development carrier bulls in the breeding herd.
The Campylobacteria are a class of Gram-negative bacteria.It used to be known as Epsilonproteobacteria. [1] [a] Only a few genera have been characterized, including the curved to spirilloid Wolinella, Helicobacter, and Campylobacter.
Burkholderia infection No Mycobacterium ulcerans: Buruli ulcer: real-time PCR: The most widely used antibiotic regimen is once daily oral rifampicin plus twice daily oral clarithromycin. No Caliciviridae species Calicivirus infection (Norovirus and Sapovirus) No Campylobacter species Campylobacteriosis: Stool culture