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The Sims position, or left lateral Sims position, named after the gynaecologist J. Marion Sims, is usually used for rectal examination, treatments, enemas, and examining patients for vaginal wall prolapse. [1] [2] The Sims Position is described as in the person lying on the left side, left hip and lower extremity straight, and right hip and ...
The following have been identified as risk factors for placenta previa: Previous placenta previa (recurrence rate 4–8%), [13] caesarean delivery, [14] myomectomy [10] or endometrium damage caused by D&C. [13] Women who are younger than 20 are at higher risk and women older than 35 are at increasing risk as they get older.
An important risk factor for placenta accreta is placenta previa in the presence of a uterine scar. Placenta previa is an independent risk factor for placenta accreta. Additional reported risk factors for placenta accreta include maternal age and multiparity, other prior uterine surgery, prior uterine curettage, uterine irradiation, endometrial ablation, Asherman syndrome, uterine leiomyomata ...
The function of these shunts is to bypass the lungs and maintain proper circulation to important fetal tissue. In the fetal stage, the lungs fill with fluid and collapse because the fetus is within the amniotic sac and the placenta is providing the oxygen it needs to grow.
The placenta can be defined as an organ formed by the sustained apposition or fusion of fetal membranes and parental tissue for physiological exchange. [1] This definition is modified from the original Mossman (1937) [2] definition, which constrained placentation in animals to only those instances where it occurred in the uterus.
Risk factors include low-lying placenta, in vitro fertilization. [1] Vasa praevia occurs in about 0.6 per 1,000 pregnancies. [1] The term "vasa previa" is derived from the Latin; "vasa" means vessels and "previa" comes from "pre" meaning "before" and "via" meaning "way". In other words, vessels lie before the fetus in the birth canal and in the ...
Risk factors include pulling on the umbilical cord or pushing on the top of the uterus before the placenta has detached. [1] Other risk factors include uterine atony, placenta previa, and connective tissue disorders. [1] Diagnosis is by seeing the inside of the uterus either in or coming out of the vagina. [2] [6]
Anatomy scan image of a human placenta and umbilical cord (colour Doppler rendering) showing central placement of the cord in the placenta and three vessels in the cord, which is the normal physiology. A standard anatomy scan typically includes: [4] Fetal number, including number of amnionic sacs and chorionic sacs for multiple gestations