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Dibromochloromethane is also a disinfection byproduct, formed by the reaction of chlorine with natural organic matter and bromide ions in the raw water supply. As a result, it is commonly found in chlorinated drinking water.
The EPA limits the total concentration of the four chief constituents (chloroform, bromoform, bromodichloromethane, and dibromochloromethane), referred to as total trihalomethanes (TTHM), to 80 parts per billion in treated water. [6] Traces of chloroform are produced in swimming pools. [7] [8] [9] [10]
Bromodichloromethane is a trihalomethane with formula C H Br Cl 2.It is a colorless, nonflammable liquid which will dissolve in water, or evaporate in air. [1] Most of the chemical is produced through the chlorine disinfection process, [1] and as a result it can occur in municipally-treated drinking water. [2]
Dibromomethane is prepared commercially from dichloromethane via bromochloromethane: . 6 CH 2 Cl 2 + 3 Br 2 + 2 Al → 6 CH 2 BrCl + 2 AlCl 3 CH 2 Cl 2 + HBr → CH 2 BrCl + HCl. The latter route requires aluminium trichloride as a catalyst. [3]
Chronic exposure to both bromoform and dibromochloromethane can cause liver and kidney cancer, as well as heart disease, unconsciousness, or death in high doses. [19] Due to the potential carcinogenicity of these compounds, drinking water regulations across the developed world require regular monitoring of the concentration of these compounds ...
Dichloromethane extract of Asparagopsis taxiformis, a seaweed fodder for cattle, has been found to reduce their methane emissions by 79%. [19] It has been used as the principal component of various paint and lacquer strippers, although its use is now restricted in the EU and many such products now use benzyl alcohol as a safer alternative.
While dichloromethane extract was the most potent bioactive, reducing methane production by 79%, bromoform and dibromochloromethane had the highest activity inhibiting methane production, and only bromoform is present in sufficient quantities to be effective. [12]
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (dibromochloropropane), better known as DBCP, is the organic compound with the formula BrCH(CH 2 Br)(CH 2 Cl). It is a dense colorless liquid although commercial samples often appear amber or even brown.