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A rigid bus (either a motor bus or trolleybus) is a vehicle used in public transportation services with a single, rigid chassis. A bus of this type is to be contrasted with an articulated or bi-articulated bus , [ 1 ] which will have two or more rigid sections linked by a pivoting joint , also with a trailer bus , which is formed out of a bus ...
Articulated trams, were invented and first used by the Boston Elevated Railway in 1912–13. [2] This was instead of using trailers or multiple units, which had been attempted in the early 1900s. The articulated design allows passengers (and fare inspectors) to move the entire length of the vehicle, whether stopped or in motion.
A less common variant of the articulated bus is the bi-articulated bus, where the vehicle has two trailer sections rather than one. Such vehicles have a capacity of around 200 people, and a length of about 25 m (82 ft); as such, they are used almost exclusively on high-capacity, high-frequency arterial routes and on bus rapid transit services.
Trams have been used since the 19th century, and since then, there have been various uses and designs for trams around the world. This article covers the many design types, most notably the articulated, double-decker, drop-centre, low-floor, single ended, double-ended, rubber -tired, and tram-train; and the various uses of trams, both historical and current, most notably cargo trams, a dog car ...
The first purpose-built articulated hauler was DR 631, a 4x4, released in 1966, [3] with a larger 6x6 model DR 860 being released in 1968. In 1974 Livab was absorbed into Volvo BM. A Volvo A25 4x4 at a road tunnel project in the Czech Republic. Meanwhile, a very similar vehicle was developed by another Swedish company, Kockum Landsverk AB.
A tracked articulated vehicle or articulated tracked vehicle (abbreviated as ATV. [ 1 ] but not to be confused with all-terrain vehicle ), is a variation of a continuous track vehicle that consists of two cars, each with their own track, most commonly with an actuated linkage in between.
Some vehicle recovery tow trucks have flat beds and are able to winch a recovered vehicle entirely on board. [5] They can then drive the vehicle away for repair without needing to tow it. [ 5 ] This allows a faster journey, does not require a driver in the vehicle being towed, and allows a damaged vehicle to be recovered when it cannot be towed.
With the exception of regions of major double deck or articulated bus operation, usually major urban areas such as Hong Kong, cities in the United Kingdom and Singapore, the single decker is the standard mode of public transport bus travel, increasingly with low floor features.