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  2. Participation bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Participation_bias

    Academic research has disputed substantial linkages between response rate and non-response bias. A meta-analysis of 30 methodological studies on non-response bias by Robert M. Groves found that the coefficient of determination for variance in non-response bias by response rate was only 0.11, making it a weak predictor of non-response bias ...

  3. Design effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_effect

    Non-response Failure to obtain measurements from sampled units that were intended to be measured - Unit non-response (e.g., refusal, not-at-home) - Item non-response (e.g., sensitive questions) - Inability to respond (e.g., language barrier, illness) Leads to unequal selection probabilities, as non-response rates may vary across subgroups

  4. Total survey error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_survey_error

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  5. Response rate (survey) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Response_rate_(survey)

    A U.S. National Agricultural Statistics Service statistician explains response rate data at a 2017 briefing to clarify the context of crop production data. In survey research, response rate, also known as completion rate or return rate, is the number of people who answered the survey divided by the number of people in the sample.

  6. Response bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Response_bias

    Response bias is a general term for a wide range of tendencies for participants to respond inaccurately or falsely to questions. These biases are prevalent in research involving participant self-report, such as structured interviews or surveys. [1] Response biases can have a large impact on the validity of questionnaires or surveys. [1] [2]

  7. Missing data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missing_data

    Missingness occurs when participants drop out before the test ends and one or more measurements are missing. Data often are missing in research in economics , sociology , and political science because governments or private entities choose not to, or fail to, report critical statistics, [ 1 ] or because the information is not available.

  8. Social-desirability bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social-desirability_bias

    In social science research social-desirability bias is a type of response bias that is the tendency of survey respondents to answer questions in a manner that will be viewed favorably by others. [1] It can take the form of over-reporting "good behavior" or under-reporting "bad" or undesirable behavior.

  9. Self-selection bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-selection_bias

    In statistics, self-selection bias arises in any situation in which individuals select themselves into a group, causing a biased sample with nonprobability sampling.It is commonly used to describe situations where the characteristics of the people which cause them to select themselves in the group create abnormal or undesirable conditions in the group.