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Share of urban population living in slums (2018) A slum is a highly populated urban residential area consisting of densely packed housing units of weak build quality and often associated with poverty. The infrastructure in slums is often deteriorated or incomplete, and they are primarily inhabited by impoverished people. [1]
In 1995, almost 70% of the population of the Nigerian capital Lagos were living in slums. [16] The City of the Dead slum is a well-known squatter community in Cairo, Egypt. [17] Between 1955 and 1975, the Cairo authorities built 39,000 public housing apartments but 2 million people moved there, mostly ending up in informal housing.
The term, which means slum or ghetto, was first used in the Slum of Providência in the center of Rio de Janeiro in the late 19th century, which was built by soldiers who had lived under the favela trees in Bahia and had nowhere to live following the Canudos War. Some of the last settlements were called bairros africanos (African neighborhoods).
This is a list of slums. A slum as defined by the United Nations agency UN-Habitat , is a run-down area of a city characterized by substandard housing, squalor, and lacking in tenure security. According to the United Nations, the percentage of urban dwellers living in slums decreased from 47 percent to 37 percent in the developing world between ...
The slum residents are from all over India, people who migrated from rural regions of many different states. [30] About 29% of the population of Dharavi is Muslim. [31] [32] The Christian population is estimated to be about 6%, [33] while the rest are predominantly Hindus with some Buddhists and other minority religions. The slum has numerous ...
Slum clearance in the United States has been used as an urban renewal strategy to regenerate derelict or run-down districts, often to be replaced with alternative developments or new housing. Early calls were made during the 19th century, although mass slum clearance did not occur until after World War II with the introduction of the Housing ...
While a large number of slum residents would be considered poor according to the international poverty line of $1.25/day, [7] not all who live in slums fall into this category. A measurement in 2010 states that around 50% of slum residents earn wages of $2-$4 USD a day, landing above the federal poverty line. [8]
The World Bank has undertaken many major slum upgrading projects since the 1980s, [8] but fundamentally, it does not solve the problem of slums – it simply helps fix the problems with current slums. Worldwide, there are approximately one billion people living in slums.